Sanxingdui (Chinese: 三星堆) stands as a significant archaeological site and a major representation of Bronze Age culture in modern Guanghan, Sichuan, China. Its discovery was largely made in 1986, following initial findings in 1927. Through excavations, archaeologists uncovered artifacts dating back to the twelfth–eleventh centuries BC, as determined by radiocarbon dating. This archaeological site serves as the type site for the Sanxingdui culture, attributed to the ancient kingdom of Shu. The artifacts excavated from Sanxingdui are now showcased in the Sanxingdui Museum near the city of Guanghan.
Sanxingdui is included on the UNESCO list of tentative World Heritage Sites, alongside the Jinsha site and the tombs of boat-shaped coffins. The discovery of Sanxingdui challenges the conventional narrative suggesting that Chinese civilization originated solely from the central plains of the Yellow River. Some even speculate that the culture represented by the Sanxingdui ruins has extraterrestrial origins.
In March 2021, over 500 artifacts were unearthed at the Sanxingdui site, located 4.6 square miles outside the provincial capital of Chengdu. Among these artifacts was a gold mask with a history spanning 3000 years. During excavation, archaeologists carefully removed a fragment of a bronze sacrificial vessel from Pit No. 3, revealing a severely deformed gold object. Initially resembling a crumpled piece of paper, the gold artifact's shape was difficult to discern. Restoration experts spent two weeks meticulously repairing the mask.
Measuring 37.2 centimeters in width, 16.5 centimeters in height, and weighing approximately 100 grams, this gold mask features hollowed-out eye sockets, rounded ear contours, a prominent nose bridge, and a slightly open mouth. Its majestic and sacred appearance makes it the most intact gold mask unearthed during the Sanxingdui archaeological excavations to date.
The unearthed objects exhibit unique shapes and superior techniques, confirming the extraordinary creativity of the ancient Shu people and their desire to connect with the heavens and understand the universe.
We sincerely invite you to learn about China’s archaeological history and culture!
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