Raspberry PI4 Nas

🚀 RaspiNAS by M.H. – The Modular High-End DIY NAS

The RaspiNAS is a custom-made case for your Raspberry Pi home lab. It combines a modern hexagonal design with maximum ease of maintenance and is designed for reliable 24/7 continuous operation

✨ Highlights & Features

• Maintenance Highlight (Toolless Base): The base is plugged in and can be detached from the frame without tools. You can easily pull out the entire base unit including the Raspberry Pi
• Smart Fan Control: Includes Python script for dynamic PWM control of Noctua fans based on CPU- and HDD temperature
• Custom-Made HDD Rack: Precisely fitted for the WD Elements 2TB and an SSK 128GB SSD (for the operating system)
• Fully Modular Design: All side panels (3mm wall thickness) and the lid are individually removable
• Smart Assembly: Optimized for M2 heat-set inserts, which can be easily pressed in due to precise fit

🛠 Hardware BOM

• Screws: M2 x 6mm round head (uniform for the entire case)
• Nuts: M2 heat-set inserts (are pressed into the frame)
• Controller: Raspberry Pi 4 or 5
• Fans: 2x Noctua NF-A6x25 5V PWM (60mm)
• USB Hub: Active USB hub (e.g., RSHTECH RSH-516)
• Storage: SSD boot for the OS recommended (SSK 128GB) + mass storage (WD Elements)
• Also 2.5'' HDD or SSD easy to mount via adapter rail with M3x 4 hex screws

🖥️ Software Setup & Fan Script

For perfect operation, I use:

1. OS: OpenMediaVault (OMV) for file management
2. Remote Access: Tailscale for secure access without port forwarding
3. Mobile App: Owlfiles for access via smartphone

The Fan Control:

• Logic: The fans react to both the CPU and the HDDs
• Levels: 30% continuous operation (Silent), 60% from 55°C, and 100% Full Power from 62°C
• Kickstart: Guarantees a safe startup of the fans from a standstill

• 💻 Smart Fan Control (DIY Setup)

• Since MakerWorld does not allow scripts to be downloaded, here you will find the code for automatic PWM control. The script ensures that the Noctua fans remain whisper-quiet and only spin up when the CPU or hard drives really need it

• 1. Installation

• Make sure that the required tools are installed on your Raspberry Pi:
• sudo apt update
  sudo apt install pigpio smartmontools
  sudo systemctl enable pigpiod
  sudo systemctl start pigpiod

• 2. Create the script

• Create a file named nano fan_control.py and copy this code into it:

   

• #!/usr/bin/env python3
  import time
  import pigpio
  import subprocess
• # --- Configuration ---
  PIN = 18             # GPIO18 = Pin 12
  PWM_HZ = 25000       # 25kHz
  INTERVAL = 3         # Measurement interval
• # Levels in percent
  Dauerbetrieb = 30    
  SILENT_PCT = 60      
  FULL_PCT = 100      
• # Temperature thresholds
  T_SILENT_ON = 55.0
  T_SILENT_OFF = 50.0
  T_FULL_ON = 62.0
  T_FULL_OFF = 59.0
• def temp_c():
     with open("/sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp", "r") as f:
         return int(f.read().strip()) / 1000.0
• def get_max_hdd_temp():
     temps = []
     for drive in ['sda', 'sdb', 'sdc']:
         try:
             cmd = f"sudo smartctl -A -n standby /dev/{drive} | grep -i Temperature_Celsius"
             output = subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell=True, encoding="utf-8")
             temps.append(float(output.split()[9]))
         except:
             continue
     return max(temps) if temps else 0
• def main():
     pi = pigpio.pi()
     pi.set_mode(PIN, pigpio.OUTPUT)
     pi.set_PWM_frequency(PIN, PWM_HZ)
     state = Dauerbetrieb
     
     try:
         while True:
             t = max(temp_c(), get_max_hdd_temp() + 10) # HDD gets 10°C bonus
             if state == Dauerbetrieb and t >= T_SILENT_ON: state = SILENT_PCT
             elif state == SILENT_PCT and t >= T_FULL_ON: state = FULL_PCT
             elif state == FULL_PCT and t <= T_FULL_OFF: state = SILENT_PCT
             elif t <= T_SILENT_OFF: state = Dauerbetrieb
             
             pi.set_PWM_dutycycle(PIN, round(state * 255 / 100))
             time.sleep(INTERVAL)
     except KeyboardInterrupt:
         pi.set_PWM_dutycycle(PIN, 0)
         pi.stop()
• if __name__ == "__main__":
     main()

🖨 Printing Notes

• Material: PLA or PETG
• Infill: 20% (Gyroid recommended)
• Assembly: Firmly press the M2 nuts into the designated openings. If they fit loosely, a tiny dot of superglue helps

Enjoy building it! I'm thrilled about your makes and photos!