This is an attachment for a vacuum cleaner pipe with ~35mm in diameter. It is supposed to reduce the drill dust falling to the ground while drilling holes into a wall or the ceiling.
To use the attachment simply put the end of the vacuum pipe into the bigger hole, hold the attachment against the wall/ceiling and drill through the smaller hole. The vacuum should pull air through the holes on the side and collect the dust.
I would recommend gluing small pieces of fabric or something similar to the "feets" at the bottom to reduce the risk of leaving marks from the attachment on the wall.
The fit between the attachment and the vacuum came out 1-1.5mm too loose.
I was able to fix that with a few layers of electrical tape which I applied to the inside of the connection hole.